Zener barriers are crucial devices used to ensure the intrinsic safety of electrical circuits in hazardous environments. These barriers play an essential role in various industries, including ...

By adding a 15 V Zener diode and a resistor across the MOSFET which dims the LEDs, a voltage of around 9 V can be put across the LEDs without lighting them up when the MOSFET PWM dimmer is in its ...

Zener breakdown, Energy band diagram of pn junction under forward bias, Continuity equation, Boundary conditions, Ideal diode equation, Long- and short-base diodes, Recombination and generation in the ...