Instead of connecting the transistor base to power, we will connect it to one of the mini-D1 output pins (we chose D0). In this case, the firmware causes the ESP8266 to raise pin D0 high when it ...

The transistor acts like an insulator or a switch that is turned off. When a positive voltage is applied to the base, electrons are pulled out of the junctions and they no longer act as barriers.

Electricity can race through. The transistor base (the "meat" of the sandwich) acts like the handle on a faucet. Turn it one way and current will gush through like water through a hose.

Speaking of the Pinecil, it uses an unorthodox driving circuit – it has an NPN transistor, but its base driven through a capacitor, so that only the AC component of the driving signal gets through.

This new transistor is composed of two coupled graphene/germanium Schottky junctions. During operation, germanium injects ...