“Our research shows that it is possible to develop a cost-effective and scalable process for the production of metal oxide layers for solar cells,” said Ghosh. “This new method has the ...

While metal oxide-based photoelectrodes are cost-effective, progress in their development has lagged due to the absence of suitable protective layers. The research team has addressed this ...

Transparent aluminum oxide (TAlOx), a real material despite its sci-fi name, is incredibly hard and resistant to scratches, ...

Atomic layer etching (ALE) is the reverse of atomic layer deposition ... During the surface chemistry using HF and Sn(acac) 2 as the reactants, the HF converts the metal oxide to metal fluoride. The ...

When sodium is cut or scratched, its freshly exposed shiny surface rapidly turns dull as a thin layer ... The metal becomes weaker over time, and eventually all of it may become metal oxide.

Aluminium is unusual, because it is a reactive metal that does not react with water. Its surface forms a protective layer of aluminium oxide that keeps water away from the metal below. The ...