This research revealed the existence of two distinct chemical states ... have demonstrated the potential of PEH to analyze dopant local structures in materials with very low concentrations ...

For example, the properties of semiconductors, heterogeneous catalysts, and battery electrodes depend on the molecular or crystallographic structure and bonding as well as the point defect structure.

At the interface of lithium lanthanum zirconium garnet and lithium metal, potential dopant positions are shown as pink ...

An image of the 4.7-μm 4-inch wafer with arrow indicating the TSRR structure. Underneath a white ... Then it made dopant-free 28-μm silicon cells with interdigitated back contacts (IBC) using ...