But recent advances in thin-film electro-optic integrated photonic circuits have renewed interest, with materials like lithium niobate. Nonetheless, achieving broader bandwidth with lower power ...

have collaboratively found a new approach to building nuclear clocks using thorium thin films. The technological leap is equivalent to the use of semiconductors and integrated circuits in ...

Photonic integrated circuits that utilize photons to process information ... modulators and photodetectors), Thin Film Lithium Niobate, Optical MEMs, RF Photonics, Lasers, Electro-optic Modulators, ...

Spin coating is a widely used technique for depositing thin, uniform films onto flat substrates. It involves the application of a liquid material onto a rotating substrate, which spreads the material ...

Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) technology has enabled tight mode confinement and ... Various compact integrated photonics devices have been realized on the TFLN platform, such as compact high ...

The record efficiency was achieved by engineering the cell with reduced copper(II) oxide (CuO) and copper (Cu) impurities in the thin-film deposition. It showed an open-circuit voltage of 1.13 V ...