Orbitals Chemistry (s, p, d, and f Orbital) - The article talks about Atomic Orbitals and their four different kinds, denoted s, p, d, and f, each with a different shape.

Electron vortices are electron beams that carry orbital angular momentum, meaning the electrons move not only in their propagation direction but also rotate in a vortex-like manner.

So an electron orbital's shape cannot deviate much from a perfect sphere. With photons, the orbitals can have whatever wild shape you design by combining different optical materials in designed ...

For the first time, scientists have successfully mapped the shape of an electron while it moves through a solid. This ...

Scientists later explored various methods to generate electron vortices, such as holographic masks, magnetic lens aberrations, and magnetic needles. These techniques not only produce electron beams ...

A new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2024.230184 , discusses tailoring electron vortex beams with customizable intensity patterns by electron diffraction holography.