Among men, serum phosphate levels declined with age almost linearly (Figure 1, top graph). Serum phosphate levels in women under the age of 45 years overlapped with those in men and then increased ...

A total of 44 cases of primary diabetic vitrectomy with silicone oil infusion were reviewed in a 3-year period. Intravitreal bevacizumab was used preoperatively for cases with active proliferation, ...

Under normal conditions, most of the sodium chloride filtered by the kidney (often more than 99 percent) is reabsorbed, and one can think of the tubular functions that permit this reabsorption as ...

While not traditionally discussed, the kidneys’ contributions to maintaining glucose homeostasis are significant and include such functions as release of glucose into the circulation via ...

Cirrhotic ascites is driven by proximal tubular sodium reabsorption, mainly via NHE3. Due to spatial coupling of NHE3 and SGLT2, SGLT2 inhibitors ...

Your kidneys are more than just filters—they’re master regulators of your body’s balance. From adjusting electrolytes to fine-tuning pH, each nephron segment plays a unique role. Understanding how ...