In stage 1, the cancer is limited to a single lymph node or a group of adjacent lymph nodes. Stage 2 involves two or more groups of lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm. In stage 3 ...

[102] Around 25–30% of muscle invasive bladder cancer patients, who have undergone radical cystectomy, presented with positive lymph nodes at pathologic examination. The approximate disease-free ...

Cancer progresses in distinct stages, and understanding this progression is crucial. Early detection significantly increases ...

This depends on several factors including your type and stage of testicular cancer. You might have this surgery: if scans show that your lymph nodes are still larger than they should be after ...

Discover recent advancements in near-infrared fluorescence imaging that have revolutionised lymph node tracing in cancers such as breast and penile cancers.