For the fabrication of CMOS integrated circuits, both p- and n-type channel ... with smooth and flat terraces at the atomic level by doping diamond with a low concentration of phosphorus.

However, using 2D semiconductors in large-scale integrated circuits requires precise control over the fabrication of patterned p- and n-type channels with accurate doping. Traditional techniques ...

and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Semiconductor devices are fabricated using a series of complex processes that involve patterning, deposition, etching, and doping of semiconductor ...

The pedagogical model of the integrated circuit goes something like this: take a silicone wafer, etch out a few wells, dope some of the silicon with phosphorous, mask some of the chip off ...